Diseases leave obvious imprints on history. A decrease in population size and less genetic diversity are some examples of the impact you’d expect every epidemic to have. However, every once in a while, a disease has a truly remarkable and unusual effect on the world.

10Flu Of 1918 And The Treaty Of Versailles

The Flu of 1918 devastated the world and infected one-third of the population. Additionally, it damaged brain cells, affecting the brain’s ability to function and even resulting in psychosis. In April 1919, Woodrow Wilson became infected with the flu. Wilson was president at the time and played an instrumental role in the negotiations of the Treaty of Versailles, particularly standing up the France’s prime minister, Georges Clemenceau, who wanted to dismantle Germany.

As Wilson was recovering from the flu, many White House officials noted a change in his demeanor. Wilson was described as slow, tired, and focused on strange notions. After these odd reports, Wilson abandoned many of his ideas about the Treaty, which gave power to Clemenceau. Many argue that the harshness of the Treaty of Versailles resulted in disaster for Germany, the crippling of the German economy, and played a role in Hitler’s ability to gain power. All of this could be the result of Woodrow Wilson’s bout of the flu.

9Tuberculosis And Expansion Of Western Frontier

During the tuberculosis outbreak of the 1900s, many believed in miasma theory, the belief that sickness is caused by bad air and pollution. The idea was promoted by Edward Trudeau, a doctor from New York who was infected with tuberculosis and, after moving to the Adirondacks, noticed an improvement in his condition. He began spreading the news that fresh air and nature were a cure.

Upon hearing this, thousands of Americans moved west in search of better health, and many campaigns for western expansion were targeted toward “health seekers.” People infected with tuberculosis migrated in large numbers with pioneers and explorers.

8Cholera And The Rise Of Epidemiology

In 1854, John Snow removed the handle of a water pump and created an entire branch of medicine.

Snow, a physician during the cholera epidemic in London, was suspicious of the way the disease was spreading. He rejected the miasma theory and observed how clusters of disease were popping up among people who used certain water pumps.

His intervention of removing the infected pump handle helped decrease the rates of infection during the epidemic. Additionally, he was the first to use epidemiological methods to control the spread of disease.

7Hookworm And Economic Development In The South

Hookworm is a parasite that lives in the human intestine, feeds on human nutrients, and can be transmitted through fecal matter. Hookworm can cause a rash and diarrhea, but hookworm disease can lead to more chronic symptoms. In the South during the early 1900s, hookworm disease slowly rose to epidemic proportions and resulted in lethargy, iron deficiency, and stunted growth.

Over time, symptoms of hookworm helped create stereotypes about Southerners being drawling, unindustrious, or lazy. After the epidemic was identified and efforts were made to prevent infection, the South saw more children enrolling in school, better crop prices, and a rise in income.

6Tuberculosis’s Effect On Fashion

In the late 1800s, tuberculosis, an infectious disease of the lungs, had become an epidemic in the US and Europe. Since the disease was around for so long and killed very slowly, its qualities started to be romanticized in the Victorian era. Fashions characterized by being pale and slim became popular, and the disease itself became trendy.

When scientists learned more about the illness in the 1900s, they sparked some of the first major public health campaigns in the US. Hemlines for women’s dresses and skirts became shorter to prevent them from picking up tuberculosis on the street. Beards and mustaches were exchanged for a clean shave because of the possibility that bacteria could be living in facial hair.

5Bubonic Plague And The Catholic Church

Photo credit: Henri Segur

It is frequently said that “love makes the world go round.” Unlike most Hallmark greeting card aphorisms, this one is surprisingly accurate. Love permeates every facet of our lives—from movies and books to possibly our very existence. This is not a recent phenomenon. Plenty of people throughout history have shaped the world just to impress a girl.

10 Two Divorces Created The PG-13 Rating

A look at the box office will show how influential the PG-13 rating has become. Eight of the 10 past highest-grossing movies of the year were rated PG-13. This rating has been blamed for drastically reshaping Hollywood by dumbing down films for adults and children alike.

However, the movie that inspired the creation of the PG-13 rating was not really child-friendly. 1984’s Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom featured graphic scenes of monkey brains, child slaves, and a beating heart ripped out of someone’s chest.

Behind the scenes, the hearts of George Lucas and Steven Spielberg were ripped out of their chests, too. The darker tone of the movie was caused by Spielberg’s divorce from Amy Irving and Lucas’s from his film editor wife, Marcia.

The two men used the movie to vent about their divorces. Looking back, Lucas said that “we certainly took it to the extreme.” He was right. After seeing the violence and gore, the MPAA thought it was not appropriate for children. In response, they created the PG-13 rating.^[1]

9 Adolf Eichmann Was Captured Because His Son Bragged To His Jewish Girlfriend

Responsible for sending millions to their deaths in the Holocaust, Adolf Eichmann was one of the most wanted war criminals for more than a decade. Like all Nazis, he was hiding somewhere in South America.

He would have evaded capture if it wasn’t for his son. Nicholas Eichmann started dating the Argentinian Sylvia Hermann. Not knowing she was Jewish, Nicholas boasted about his father’s role in the Holocaust. He even mentioned that he wished the Nazis had “finished the job.”^[2]

Unsurprisingly, this caused a rift between the two. The stupidest thing Nicholas did was sometimes use the name Eichmann. Sylvia Hermann’s dad, a Holocaust survivor himself, had read about Adolf Eichmann in the papers. He called Mossad, which eventually captured Adolf and put him on trial.

The 1961–62 Adolf Eichmann trial was a watershed moment for the Holocaust. It was the first trial to be televised, thus changing the conversation around the Holocaust. For the first time, people heard the testimonials of survivors.

8 A Honeymoon Stopped Marvel From Going Down With The Hindenburg

In 1937, Martin Goodman and Jean Davis had just finished their honeymoon. They wanted to fly back to New York on one of those new Hindenburg airships. Goodman tried to buy tickets. There were still some available, but none of the seats were next to each other.

Instead, the couple flew back on a plane and not a flaming ball of gas. They landed in New York and, later that year, launched Timely Comics, the early precursor of Marvel Comics.

Jean Davis also changed Marvel in another way. As a young upstart pulp magazine division, Timely Comics hired Jean’s 17-year-old cousin, Stanley Martin Lieber.^[3] Stanley Lieber worked as an assistant for Goodman by proofreading issues until he wrote his first story in 1941 under the pseudonym Stan Lee.

7 A Honeymoon Saved Kyoto From Being Nuked

Hiroshima will always be synonymous with the nuclear attack that leveled the city. More than 100,000 citizens died from the initial blast and radiation. The event is even more tragic because those people lost their lives over something as arbitrary as where a guy went on vacation a few years earlier.

In the 1920s, Henry Stimson, then the governor-general of the Philippines, went on his honeymoon with his wife to Kyoto. While there, Henry Stimson fell in love with the city.

In the 1940s, he served as secretary of war. That made him privy to a memo circulating with the five potential targets for the bomb. Number one on that list was Kyoto, the old capital of Japan and the center of historical and artistic treasures. It would have been absolutely demoralizing for Japan, making it the perfect choice.

But Henry Stimson sent another memo to President Truman to protest the choice. Stimson could not let the United States destroy the city where he and his wife had honeymooned. Truman acquiesced, and Kyoto’s citizens and irreplaceable cultural treasures were saved.^[4]

6 Segregation Ended Because A Judge Cheated On His Wife

As the son of a Confederate veteran and a native of Charleston, South Carolina, Judge Waties Waring seemed like the furthest thing from a civil rights icon in the 1940s. He would have kept that up if it wasn’t for Elizabeth Avery Hoffman.

After meeting at a party, Waring and Elizabeth had an affair for months. Now in love, Waring divorced his Southern wife of 32 years for this Detroiter. Charleston society was not only aghast that he had cheated on his wife but that the other woman was a Yankee. Perhaps most egregious was that Elizabeth was very active in the civil rights movement.

After marrying her, Judge Waring became equally interested in the civil rights movement. Elizabeth is considered the major reason that he became an outspoken critic of segregation and a champion for racial justice.

The city turned on him. Some residents threatened his life, burned crosses on his yard, and even spat on his wife. Waring was not moved. He was one of the first Southern judges to desegregate his courtroom.^[5]

He became the first federal judge since 1896 to opine that the “separate but equal” doctrine was unconstitutional in Briggs v. Eliott. Waring was also the one who pushed Thurgood Marshall to expand the case at the Supreme Court level into the historic 1954 Brown v. Board of Education case.

5 Hoover Ignored Pearl Harbor Warnings Because A Spy Had Sex

During World War II, Dusko Popov was a spy for the German army. Or at least, that was his cover. He was actually a double agent working for MI6. As a British spy, he had discovered the Japanese plot to bomb Pearl Harbor.

In August 1941, he went to New York to give this information to the FBI. He told some agents, who understood the consequences of something like this, so they advised him to go see J. Edgar Hoover.

Popov and his then-girlfriend Terry Richardson sneaked back to their hotel for an “undercover” mission. What can you expect from the guy who’s allegedly the inspiration for James Bond?

Hoover hated the fact that this foreigner had taken a woman from Florida to New York to have sex with her. Hoover considered this was a violation of the Mann Act and threatened to have Popov put in jail.^[6] Instead of that, Popov just went back home and Hoover disregarded all of Popov’s findings. A few months later, Pearl Harbor was bombed.

4 Eli Whitney’s Lover Bought A Cat, And Slavery Continued For Decades

In the early 1790s, slavery was on its last legs. Under the Constitution, the slave trade had been set to end in 1807. In fact, slavery would have become an outdated model, but then Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin. The effects of this machine are hard to overstate.

Cotton soon overtook rice and tobacco as the major crop. Unlike rice and tobacco, however, cotton required extensive labor. The unprecedented revenue and the demand for slaves made the slave trade boom. This resulted in dramatically higher profits for planters, which then led to a seemingly insatiable increase in the demand for more slaves.

It also ushered in the abusive chapter we associate with slavery. As cotton grew best in the West, the crop brought slavery westward as well. It also forced the South to defend slavery more, which culminated in the Civil War.

All of this is owed to a cat. While visiting his girlfriend, Eli Whitney saw a cat claw a chicken. The cat went for the kill, but its claws only caught feathers. Eli then realized that the same technology could pull the seeds out of cotton without ruining the plant. If that cat had not wanted to eat that chicken, slavery would have ended a lot sooner.^[7]

3 Stalin Lost His Humanity When He Lost His Wife

In 1899, Joseph Stalin was just a young man in seminary school. Unable to continue his education because he couldn’t afford the tuition, he started committing minor crimes in Tiflis. While a petty criminal and revolutionary, he met Ekaterina Svanidze.

A far cry from what he would become, Stalin was a kindhearted and compassionate lover. An associate of Stalin’s noted that he was “amazed how [Stalin], who was so severe in his work and to his comrades, could be so tender, affectionate, and attentive to his wife.”^[8]

That kindness did not last long as Ekaterina died from typhus a year after they married. Stalin was heartbroken. Upon hearing the news, he threatened suicide and a gun had to be wrestled from his hand.

At the funeral, Stalin threw himself into her grave until he was dragged out. Before leaving her funeral, he said, “This creature softened my heart of stone. She died, and with her died my last warm feelings for humanity.”

Following her death, he left Tiflis and moved to Petrograd. There he changed his name from Ioseb Besarionis dze Jughashvili to “Man of Steel,” or “Stalin,” and started his political career.

True to his word, Stalin really did lose his heart when his first wife died. No longer the tender lover from before, Stalin was so cruel that he even killed Ekaterina’s entire family during his purges.

2 Pol Pot Vowed To Destroy Democracy After A Bad Breakup

Like Stalin, Pol Pot was also a hopeless romantic disguised as a genocidal maniac. Before he would order the deaths of millions in the Cambodian killing fields, he was a French literature teacher named Saloth Sar.

He’d been at school for a year or two when he fell hopelessly in love with a former beauty queen and princess, Son Maly, in 1949. But she did not feel the same way. Five years later, she left him for famed democratic supporter and Pol Pot’s long-term political rival Sam Sary.

The breakup was devastating for Pol Pot.^[9] It hardened him to love. More importantly, his hatred of Sam Sary turned into a hatred of democracy. Following the breakup, Pol Pot wandered around listlessly for months.

During this time, his mentor, Keng Vannsak, tried to cheer him up by giving him traditional Cambodian stories where princes learn to fight in the jungle. He read these stories as an instructional manual and set off for the jungle. There, he met Marxist revolutionaries who converted him to the cause.

1 A Cut-Off Penis Caused World War I

In 1889, Rudolf, crown prince of Austria, was the only son of Franz Joseph, emperor of Austria-Hungary. They got along fine, and Rudolf was destined to take over the throne. But that all changed when the 30-year-old prince met the 17-year-old Baroness Mary Vetsera.

Like all classic romances, the father disapproved. Franz Joseph demanded that the couple end their relationship, and the crown prince did—as part of a suicide pact. But Mary was afraid that they were going to break up. So after a night of making love, she decided to cut it off. The “it” refers to the relationship and his penis.^[10]

While he was sleeping, she took a razor and chopped off his penis. Unable to cope with the loss of his relationship and his penis, he shot her in the head. Consumed by guilt, he then turned the gun on himself.

Austria had to look to Rudolf’s cousin Franz Ferdinand, who fought with Emperor Franz Joseph about nearly everything. Most importantly, Franz Ferdinand wanted to grant Slavs equal rights with Austrians and Hungarians in the empire. Many historians believe that this is exactly why Serbian nationalists chose to assassinate Archduke Franz Ferdinand. Things spun out from there, and World War I was the result.

If you loved this article, please do not cause another world war. You could just follow Nate on Twitter. If you didn’t love the article, feel free to email him criticisms or questions here. For more history lists, check out Nate Yungman’s other articles on .

Gender-swapped cover songs generally go out of their way to avoid challenging gender norms. Pronouns get changed—”oh boy,” becomes “oh girl,” or vice-versa, to avoid anything too disruptive. But gender is such a powerful construct that frequently simply swapping the gender perspective gives a song an entirely new meaning.

This list looks at ten songs with gender-swapped lyrics or perspectives that created a different meaning—and maybe even a better version.

Related: 10 Celebrities And The (Mostly) Hilariously Bad Songs They Released

10 “Respect” by Aretha Franklin

Originally by Otis Redding

It might be impossible to overstate the cultural influence Aretha Franklin’s “Respect” has had. In 2003, it was number five on Rolling Stone’s 500 greatest songs of all time, and it had moved to number one on the 2021 version of the list. It was an era-defining anthem for both the civil rights and feminist movements. After Aretha’s version, all Otis Redding could do was brag that she was a friend of his.

“Respect” is a fine example of how just a gender switch can completely change a song’s perspective, even without the song’s content being changed that much. Otis Redding’s version lacks many of the elements that made Respect iconic, such as the word “respect” being spelled out and that iconic sax solo, but the demand the song makes is exactly the same. What is it for a man to demand respect from his partner? It’s certainly not a statement of wide societal significance.

The track is also a fine example of how some songs demand a response. Redding is singing about a cynically transactional relationship; he brings in the money, and all he asks for in return is “respect” (I think we all know what respect means here). But Aretha does not need any such arrangement. She has her own money (just as sweet as your kisses); to her, respect is a relationship that’s equal, not transactional. Where one song is about a woman knowing her place in a transaction, the other is about one who knows her worth as an equal.^[1]

9 “Tumbling Dice” by Linda Rondstadt

Originally by The Rolling Stones

The lyrics to “Tumbling Dice” were an afterthought for The Rolling Stones. Keith Richards said that the song was written without vocals. “A lot of times when ideas come that quick, we don’t put down lyrics—we do what we call ‘vowel movement.’ You just bellow over the top of it to get the right sounds for the track.”

“Vowel movement?”

Anyway, the lyrics, when they did come, were a product of Mick Jagger talking to his housekeeper about her love of playing dice. Thus “Tumbling Dice” is a story song about a womanizing gambler that has no personal connection to the legendary writing team behind it.

Linda Rondstadt’s band played the song during rehearsals, but none of them knew the words until Mick Jagger wrote them out for her (oh, the world before the Internet!). She changed the opening line from “Women think I’m tasty /but they’re always tryin’ to waste me” to “People try to rape me/always think I’m crazy.” The song’s alluring groovy rhythm makes that confrontational line all the more shocking.

Ronstadt explained in 2017 that it was a comment on fame: “When you’re exposed to a wide segment of the public, somebody’s trying to violate you in some way, but it was nothing like it is now with Internet trolls.” A song with little meaning beyond being a cool story was transformed into a feminist statement that has only grown more relevant.^[2]

8 “Fire” by The Pointer Sisters

Originally by Bruce Springsteen

“Fire” is one of a trio of Bruce Springsteen songs that were Top 20 hits for other artists before Springsteen ever scored his own Top 20 hit. (The other two are “Blinded by the Light” by Manfred Mann’s Earth Band and “Because the Night” by Patti Smith). Springsteen was reportedly upset by the Pointer Sisters’ success with Fire. Though it’s hard to say why “Fire,” in particular, got his goat. Unlike other rockers of his generation, Springsteen would not have seen a disco cover of one of his songs as an insult. Springsteen was never on the “disco sucks” bandwagon, recording with Donna Summer and Chaka Khan to prove it.

Whatever the reason, the Pointer Sisters did Springsteen a huge favor—and not just for the royalty checks. They transformed “Fire” into something we don’t have to listen to with a cringe, probably saving the song from harsh reevaluation and cancellation. “I’m pulling you close/You just say no/You say you don’t like it/But girl, I know you’re a liar” becomes “You’re pullin’ me close/I just say no/I say I don’t like it/But you know I’m a liar.” One or two different words and the whole meaning is changed: predatory becomes coyness.

While plenty of the songs on this list are changed by the different perspective, the complete 180-degree change in direction here, from violent to innocent, is bracing. “Fire” needed the Pointer Sisters’ version.^[3]

7 “Tonight’s the Night” by Janet Jackson

Originally by Rod Stewart

If any member of the Jackson family was able to shake off the associations of their infamous family, it was Janet. And sexual liberation was the tool she used to forge that independent identity. Jackson’s musical explorations of identity came to a head on 1997’s The Velvet Rope, which also wove in explorations of her battles with depression and her affinity with the LGBTQIA+ community. The album is also exceptionally forward-looking, danceable, and hugely ambitious in scope.

Rod Stewart can’t really take any credit for Janet’s “Tonight’s the Night”; his original is painfully generic, a frame of a song that could be fleshed out to describe any variety of sexual encounters. And Janet could’ve selected any “getting it on” song to subvert. It speaks to the bare-bones versatility of the song that, with just a few pronoun changes, the song’s message becomes quite ambiguous. She alternates the verses between addressing a man and addressing a woman (“Cause I love you, boy” to “Cause I love you, girl”).

One interpretation could be a threesome, and another could be an ode to bisexuality. Either way, it’s an overt call out to the LGBTQIA+ community, as is another of the album’s statement songs, “Free Xone.” In 2001, Jackson told Ebony magazine that “I don’t mind people thinking that I’m gay or calling me gay. People are going to believe whatever they want. Yes, I hang out at gay clubs, but other clubs too. I go where the music is good. I love people regardless of sexual preference, regardless of race.”^[4]

6 “Gloria” by Patti Smith

Originally by Van Morrison

“Jesus died for somebody’s sins, but not mine” is the greatest opening line to any album ever. “My sins are my own; they belong to me,” the lyrics continue as the heavy, slow-burning piano swells to become the unmistakable bassline of “Gloria,” a song that is not so much a primordial classic rock song as it is primordial classic rock incarnate.

Patti Smith’s version is so lyrically different that the changed perspective, and the subversiveness that it implies, are absolutely overt. In fact, this track is so transformative that it pushes the definition of a cover. Where Van Morrison’s version was the essence of simplicity, Smith’s is an epic proto-punk manifesto.

Smith’s track treats the original as a skeleton, with her own poetry grafted on, mostly from a piece called “Oath,” written years before as a kiss-off to her Jehovah’s witness upbringing. This accounts for the wildly different lyrics. But when the original lyrics resurface, the lustiness directed toward the titular woman remains intact. For all the lyrical changes, the simplicity of “Gloria” means that its indelible identity shines through, regardless of what else may be laid over it.^[5]

5 “Valerie” by Amy Winehouse

Originally by The Zutons

Amy Winehouse made her version of “Valerie” iconic, turning it into one of the latest in a line of covers to completely eclipse the original. The original was by the Britpop band The Zutons, who never had much of a profile apart from this one song. Possibly the reason for the success of the cover is because it’s such a beguiling mystery why Amy Winehouse is singing what’s clearly a love song to a woman. The answer is, unfortunately, quite anticlimactic.

It’s because the song was recorded for a side-project by producer Mark Ronson, which involved self-consciously weird covers. This included a cover of Brittany Spears’s “Toxic” featuring Wu-Tang Clan’s Ol’ Dirty Bastard and a big band, funk-soul version of Coldplay’s cold and glassy ballad “God Put a Smile on Your Face.” The “Valerie” cover is actually credited to Mark Ronson feat. Amy Winehouse, but come on! Amy Winehouse chose the song and proved Ronson wrong when he said he could not hear it in her voice.

As for those strangely specific lyrics, The Zutons’ frontman Dave McCabe was in a long-distance relationship with NYC-based celebrity makeup artist Valerie Star. She could not move to Liverpool to be with him due to an outstanding arrest warrant in the States for speeding, driving without a license, evading arrest, and assaulting a police officer. At least the answer to that question is a wild ride, worthy of the mystery that the song represents.^[6]

4 “Under My Thumb” by Tina Turner

Originally by The Rolling Stones

Tina Turner is a master of covers, from turning CCR’s sludge rock number “Proud Mary” into sultry raucous R&B to adding a touch of old school class to Massive Attack’s “Unfinished Sympathy” and right through to her solo debut by a country covers album called Tina Turns the Country On (think about it!). Of course, most of her covers were originally by male artists, so it’s hard to pick the one that makes the most of the gender switch. “Under My Thumb,” however, is a song so loaded with meaning that it’s hard to overlook.

“Under my Thumb” may very well be the song that ended the ’60s, beginning a darker era in pop culture. On December 6, 1969, the Rolling Stones played their infamous free concert at the Altamont Speedway in California. The show descended into chaos, resulting in five deaths, including the murder of concertgoer Meredith Hunter, who was stabbed as the Stones played “Under my Thumb.” Chillingly, in the live recording, when you hear Mick Jagger stop the song from telling the crowd to “be cool,” you hear his reaction to a man being murdered nearby. At that moment, the song’s Taming of the Shrew narrative curdled into something far less innocent.

And much less superficial… Let’s face it, it’s a song in which a man brags about subjugating a woman that’s only made less nauseating by the tongue-in-cheek tone. That redeeming cheekiness fades into insignificance when it becomes the song a guy has been murdered to, heralding the loss of innocence for an entire generation. In that context, Turner’s tale of female domination was a downright essential response to the original. Turner’s “Under My Thumb” is a statement that had to be made.^[7]

3 “Black Steel” by Tricky feat. Martina Topley-Bird

Originally by Public Enemy

“The most bizarre record I’ve ever worked on… Think of how to make a record, then forget everything you’ve learned and start completely backward and upside down” is how producer Mark Saunders described British rapper Tricky’s solo debut Maxinquaye. Tricky’s idiosyncratic style led to some strange decisions, including a cover of Public Enemy’s “Black Steel in the Hour of Chaos” with vocalist Martina Topley-Bird, resulting in a track in which Topley-Bird repeatedly refers to herself as a black man, much to Beavis and Butthead’s confusion.

It soon becomes clear that the gender-bending is an intentional choice, as “Black Steel” ends on that statement of identity rather than covering the whole song (hence the title being shortened from “Black Steel in the Hour of Chaos”). In the original, the line “They could never understand that I am a black man, and could never be a veteran” is simply a line in the first verse, but Topley-Bird, with her looping, evocative delivery, lands it as a narrative crescendo, like a story with a twist ending. The feeling of disorientation created by that line is aided by industrial rock act FTV and a sample from Bollywood producer A.R. Rahman, making it a Bollywood/trip-hop/industrial rock mash-up.

Martina Topley-Bird features on the Maxinquaye album from which “Black Steel” originates more often than Tricky does. Tricky told The Guardian in 2012 that “it’s my mum speaking through me; a lot of my lyrics are written from a woman’s point of view.” It’s been a theme throughout his career, employing various female singers. His image also involves extreme gender-bending, appearing on the cover for the “Black Steel” single in full makeup. The video for Tricky’s “Christiansands” also features Martina Topley-Bird.^[8]

2 “He’s Funny That Way” by Bob Dylan

Originally by Margaret Whiting, but it’s most associated with Billie Holliday

Though 2018’s Universal Love is a whole compilation EP of classic love songs reimagined as queer anthems, I am singling out Bob Dylan’s take on Billie Holiday’s “He’s Funny That Way.” This is because it’s hard to state how wonderfully out of place Bob Dylan is among the five other artists, all millennials, who contributed, including Kesha, St. Vincent, and Bloc Party’s Kele Okereke.

Bob Dylan’s name is synonymous with activism, but for whatever reason, he’s been cagey about his beliefs since the ’80s. I suspect that’s just a consequence of very rarely making public statements at all now. So it’s great to see him take a stand. Apparently, he did it enthusiastically too.

Producer Robert Kaplan told The New York Times that he got a very quick yes. “And it wasn’t just ‘yes, I’ll do this,’” he said. “It was ‘hey, I have an idea for a song.’” Dylan’s modern-day hermit-like silence means that, in addition to not knowing much about his politics, we have very little sense of his personality either. So it’s refreshing to see him make such a clever, cheeky (and slightly lame) choice with this song since “funny that way” is a dad-joke euphemism for gay. As in…^[9]

“Georgie Porgy pudding and pie
Kissed the girls and made them cry
When the boys came out to play
He kissed them too, because he’s funny that way.”

1 Tori Amos’s Strange Little Girls Album

Originally by various artists

Tori Amos is one of the most inventive cover artists we have because of the way she uses covers to explore identity. In her cover of Leonard Cohen’s “Famous Blue Raincoat,” she keeps the last line intact, “sincerely L. Cohen,” as if she’s embodying Leonard Cohen to play the song.

To that end, her covers’ album Strange Little Girls is a grand artistic statement. Each song was originally by a man. The perspective of the songs is transformed thoroughly and completely simply by being sung in a female voice, despite lyrically remaining exactly the same. For instance, the track that got the most attention was Eminem’s “’97 Bonnie and Clyde,” in which Em graphically fantasizes about murdering the mother of his daughter and disposing of her body with his young daughter in tow. A woman’s voice forces us to consider the victim; she’s no longer just a cipher in someone else’s violent fantasy.

Meanwhile, The Beatles’ “Happiness is a Warm Gun” becomes a 10-minute psychedelic meditation on gun violence. If you think that’s too literal or wonder what a woman’s perspective might bring to the song, say its title out loud while dropping the “H,” as someone with a Liverpudlian accent would. And Joe Jackson’s “Real Men” goes from being droll satire to searingly, righteously indignant.

Further exploring identity, Amos came up with an alter-ego for each song, but there’s no rhyme, reason, or explanation given for any of them. Are they the subjects of the songs or the people singing them? Why is The Velvet Underground’s “New Age” represented by a foxy librarian type with a sharp Mary Tyler Moore bob and cat’s-eye glasses? Why is Slayer’s “Raining Blood” represented by a glamorous French WW2 resistance fighter with a Gauloises cigarette and a beret?

Even Tori Amos doesn’t know, telling Rolling Stone in 2001, “As I began to deconstruct each male song, a different woman seemed to have access to me. There was a trade; there was an exchange. If I were going to take this on board and deconstruct it and get into these men and hang in their heads, then a woman had access to me, and that really surprised me.” Great art poses more questions than it answers.^[10]

+ “Nothing Compares 2U” by Sinead O’Connor

Originally by Prince

Sinead O’Connor’s version of “Nothing Compares 2U” is a fantastic song, possibly one of the greatest ever recorded. But despite it being gender-swapped, it doesn’t warrant a spot on the list proper, as it doesn’t really challenge gender norms in any way. But bear with me… Prince’s version was barely remembered, barely released filler for a failed side-project, and it never charted until O’Connor made it a hit in 1990. In 1993, Prince re-recorded “Nothing Compares 2U” as a duet with backing singer Rosie Gaines, retconning his own version to the female perspective, seemingly to match O’Connor’s. There are plenty of great covers out there; few are so great that they change the original.^[11]

++ “Where the Wild Roses Grow” by Nick Cave and The Bad Seeds feat. Blixa Bargeld

Originally by Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds and Kylie Minogue

It saddens me to know that the unlikely pairing of the prince of darkness, Nick Cave, and sunny pop princess Kylie Minogue was a whole generation ago, meaning there may well be full-grown adults walking among us who have never heard it. “Where the Wild Roses Grow” is a darkly intimate torch song from Cave’s 1995 album Murder Ballads.

However, Minogue and Cave have such disparate careers that they are, of course, not going to be in the same place at the same time very often. So when Cave is on tour, Blixa Bargeld, frontman for German noise rock outfit Einstürzende Neubauten, fills in. Cave and Bargeld play up the homoeroticism, accentuating the line “Her lips were the color of the roses/That grew down the river, all bloody and wild” with a tender embrace. You can also find the Blixa Bargeld version of “Where the Wild Roses Grow” on Cave’s 2005 B-Sides and Rarities compilation.^[12]